Dr. Simon Agwale, Ph.D, is the founder and CEO of Innovative Biotech Ltd, Keffi, Nasarawa state, and Innovative Biotech, USA Inc. He has been at the forefront of shaping the future direction of vaccine development worldwide. The virologist/vaccinologist par excellence was the chair and West Africa's representative on HIV/AIDs for Developing Countries Coordinating Committee (DCCC) at European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Programme. In Nigeria, he was appointed chairman, Nasarawa State Specialist Hospital, Lafia. In this interview with Chinedu Aroh, he speaks on scientific breakthroughs of Innovative Biotech Ltd among other health issues.
What is Innovative Biotech Ltd all about?
We are a research and development company. We treat patients that suffer from chronic infections, both communicable and non-communicable. We also run students' research programmes. The reason is because many Nigerian universities do not have sound research infrastructure. Presently undergraduates, postgraduates and health researchers from all over the country come to our institute to conduct researches. We help them also to publish their findings in international journals. We do what we call 'the second opinion programme'.
This is because some diagnoses in most Nigerian health institutions are wrongly done. People come to us to re-diagnose. If the cases are those we can handle, we do that; if it is not, we refer them to our partners overseas for the best health care. We also do large-scale vaccination. We go to institutions, churches, banks, government agencies and educate them about the dangers of hepatitis B.
We test them and vaccinate those that are negative. Those that are positive, we refer them to our centres for proper treatment. Our breakthrough in hepatitis is unequalled yet.
In the case of HIV, we have our landmarks. We have revolutionary products that have been able to bring down the viral load of HIV to undetectable level within three months. These are all natural and well-researched products without side effects.
This sets us apart from what other people do. Our products are backed by scientific proofs, either from us or some top level institutions around the world. For diabetes, which has become a major problem, we have been able, using mineral supplements, to bring down the sugar level to normalcy within two weeks. We have other landmark health products to address Nigeria's peculiar health needs. In addition, we have published our research findings in some of the top rated scientific journals.
In the case of HIV/AIDs, are your products different from the conventional anti-retroviral drugs?
Yes. The interesting thing is that HIV is the only disease on earth where you must wait for somebody's condition to be bad before the treatment starts. In other diseases, treatment starts immediately the diagnosis is done. The issues associated with the use of anti-retroviral are delicate. One is the toxicity, and secondly, the drug resistance. You have to limit the time the patient needs the drugs.
If it is started early, it means all the combinations will be exhausted and when the person needs it most, he or she must have developed resistance to the drugs. That is why you have to wait for the CD4 to drop to a particular level before the treatment begins. We put some patients on trial and we were able to bring their viral loads to an undetectable level within three months.
The trial has been done in Nigeria with support from the Nasarawa state government. This creates a real hope for HIV patients that don't need anti-retroviral therapy. Those already on the therapy can use this product with it and get better quicker.
Furthermore, with the new products that we have, an example is the Silver, malaria is cleared within three days. This was supported by clinical trials done in Ghana and Kenya and published recently in an international journal.
It is proven that HIV strains differ according to geography. How effective will this be in Nigeria?
They are natural products. With the advent of nano technology, we have been able to break Silver into nano forms. This means that anything, whether bacteria, viruses, parasites, name them, that comes in contact with it dies in vitro within six minutes.
The clinical trials were done in Ghana and Kenya recently and the articles are there for public consumption. Silver is not like antibiotics that is lock and key. If the organism changes its genetic makeup, the antibiotics becomes ineffective; then resistance is developed.
But Silver has a broad-range: it resonates. It has the same wave length with what we call the ultra-violet light. If you go to the lab, you see the blue bulb. The Silver works like the bulb you switch on to kill pathogens. It has a different mode of action; that is why it has broad-range anti-microbial properties.
You are a vaccinologist and virologist by training, how come you delve into natural medical products?
In working in Nigeria, all kinds of conditions are seen. And we have limited expertise to address these matters. That forced some of us to go into more researches to take what is being used and use them differently to see the results.
That is where the clinical component trials come in. The Silver and other natural products that we have for diabetes and cholesterol etc are well researched. In collaboration with our partners, we take these ingredients and formulate them based on daily requirements and come up with products that will change people's lives. That's research.
What's the African content of your products?
The products work irrespective of the sub-type. It has broad-range activities against all parasites.
What's the cost implication?
We have applied to some government agencies for some facilities so that we can start producing them locally to reduce the cost. Right now, we manufacture them in the US in collaboration with our partners and then bring them here.
Until we start producing locally, there is nothing I can say about the cost. It is affordable to an average person. Nonetheless we still prohibit it to those that really need them most.
What are your challenges?
The major challenge is the fact that even development banks like NEXIM and the Bank of Industry still have conditions that are similar to the traditional banks. They are supposed to be development banks where ideas should be considered for funding.
But they will say there must be collateral. How many people have houses in Abuja? The money still goes back to those who don't need it with the way they approach these issues. We need to relax these conditions.
How complaint is these products with Nigeria's regulatory bodies?
I'm a consultant on vaccines to the National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control, NAFDAC. We are working out some workshops with NAFDAC. So I'm a stakeholder.
As a stakeholder on the vaccine for HIV/AIDs, how soon can the world bid goodbye to HIV/AIDs?
Our lab in the US is actually working on a potential cure for HIV/AIDs using stem cells. The interesting thing is that we have a certain percentage of the Caucasians that are resistant to HIV. Even if you take their blood outside and infect it with the virus, it will still be uninfected.
A lot of research went on and it was found that such people have what we call deletion in one of their cells which we call 'the CCR5 co-receptor' that HIV binds to. Because of that, HIV does not see the cell to enter CD4. The only true cure we have is what we call 'the Berlin patient'.
In Berlin, a doctor identified one of the Caucasians that has the resistant genes, and did bone-marrow transfer. It is about the fourth year of this treatment and the person is completely negative: no virus found anywhere in his body.
What we do in the US now is to see how we can make this treatment universal because the way it is now, it not practicable. To do a bone-marrow transfer, you have to do some compatibility tests. But with the stem, we have identified three people that have this resistant gene and we are trying to transform stem cells with these resistant genes to see whether we get the same result.
I hope with that, there will be a universal cure. But until then, we continue to do research and development with what we have on ground to see how best we can manage patients. Patients on these products are doing greatly well. They are full of life and no complications. The issue is not cure, but getting the viral load undetectable and the CD4 going up. That's what life is all about.
Comment on local herbs and those produced in the US
The difference between herbal products formulated in the US and here is the fact that those ingredients were well researched and properly formulated. You take and you know what you are taking. But here, somebody says he has herbs for this.
These herbs are not well researched. Some of them are toxic. We don't know the side effects. The efficacy of those herbal products must be established. Until this is done, they are not safe. I'm not saying they don't work, but the practitioners have to work with scientists to bring a drug to the market.
Are you getting support from governments in Nigeria?
This is the biggest challenge we have in Nigeria. In the US, for example, research and development must be funded by the government because it is a risky venture: you don't know the result. Even big companies in the US get grants from the government to fund researches. The government of Nigeria should put machinery in motion to support researches. It is the only way nations grow.
There is no nation on earth that grows without investment in research and development. This is the only way to diversify Nigeria's economy outside the oil. Research and development will help agriculture and generally improve our ways of doing things.
We have plants throughout Nigeria that can perform wonders. It is only research and development that their potentialities can be found. Look at the money China is making from only herbal products.
Have you returned to settle in Nigeria?
There are basic researches that we can't do here because of facilities. I can't do the stem cell here because it requires twenty-four hour's light. I need companies that provide my laboratory needs instantly. You can't do any meaningful tissue culturing procedure in Nigeria for now.
This is why we are into two works: we do the real research and development in the US, and do the implementation here until we get certain things right. A tree cannot make a forest. My research requires complementation and they are not here. There is no single company in Nigeria that makes media for tissue culture. We have to import everything.
The substance in Silver is in one bottle. You say it cures many ailments. What difference has it again from herbal products because they are accused of curing many ailments with one substance?
The difference between Silver and others is that it is well researched and we know how it works. It is documented by various universities, including the US Institute of Health and the University of Arizona. They tested it on bird flu.
These are top leading universities around the world that have evaluated and understood the operations of Silver. You can take it in any lab in the world, and make a drop of it among organisms and see the result. We use nano technology to break it into this level. Take any water produced in Nigeria to any lab, you must isolate bacteria colonies. But drop Silver and take it back, no bacteria. This is the much I can go. We intend to produce water that has medicinal values soon.
Evaluate herbal medical practitioners in Nigeria according to the Nigerian standard
I have proposed to the federal government to strengthen our universities. We can't sit down and say we want to do everything. Other sectors must be strengthened. If we have good universities that are doing high-quality research, biotech companies, like ours, should be involved in the translational aspect of it. The basic work should be done by universities.
The way we propose is that we have the companies work with the universities. The companies make their money from their products. They give money to universities to embark on basic researches. There are some questions that we cannot do. We get the results from universities. The university patents those inventions, then companies can license the technology from the university.
This is how to sustain universities and not government funding. Three years ago, New York State University made at least 200 million dollars only from royalties they got from inventions from lecturers. I'm trying to propose it to the government to make universities viable.
They need output. There must be structures where inventions are protected. There must be offices of technology transfer in all universities so that when lecturers and students develop products, it goes through that office patented and protected.
All these structures must be there before any meaningful development can be done. With it, you will see the output: people will embark on researches because their inventions will be protected. One challenge on the herbalists is that they don't want people to know the components of their products. But I can't take something that I don't know the composition.
When I was at NIPRID, we found many of these herbal products packed with all kinds of bacteria. Take it to any lab and you will be amazed. You don't even know the source of the water. It could be from pond. If you see a typical setup where drugs are developed under good manufacturing practices, you can't eat anything in this country. These people need to be educated.
They should know that some of these things are not hidden. Not everything can be patented. Only novel things are worth patenting. If they have anything that is revolutionary, let them go to NIPRID and other agencies which they can work with. These establishments are there to help them. These researches must be accessible.

for details, contact Dr Agwale Ph.D at
Innovative Biotech LTD
Head Office: Behind NYSC Orientation Camp, Abuja road, Keffi, Nasarawa state.
08032900355
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www.innovativebiotech.com